Electrolytic condenser



Nov. "13, 1934. H. l. DANZIGER ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSER Original FiledMarch 28 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Harold ZDanzzqer 2 ATT NEY NOV.13, 1934. H. DAN Z|GER Re. 19,370

ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSER Original Filed March 28, 1930 2 SheetsShee t 2INVENTOR Harold Dazzzz'ger Reisaued Nov. 13, 1934 i a i Re, 19,370

uNrrEo STATES PATENT oFFIcE ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSER Harold I. Danziger,Pittsfield, Mass., assignor, by mesne assignments, to SpragueSpecialties Company, North Adams, Mass., a corporation of MassachusettsI 21 Claims. (Cl. 175315) My present invention relates generally toelecmade beneath the chassis upon which the contrical condensers, andhas particular reference to denser is mounted. By thus dispensing withthe an electrolytic condenser of improved structure. necessity for wiresand leads'above the chassis, An electrolytic condenser consistspreferably of and heretofore usually associated with the upper acontainer for a liquid electrolyte, an electrode portions of theelectrolytic condensers, I am enimmersed in the electrolyte and coatedwith a abled to provide for compact and highly efiicient very thin,electrolytically-deposited film of highly and neat mounting of one or aplurality, of elecdielectric character. The immersed electrode trolyticcondensers. serves as one terminal of the condenser, and it Briefly, itis a more specific yet highly im- 10 is customary to employ thecontainer as the opportant feature of my invention to provide a positeterminal with which electric contact may container within which asubmersed electrode is conveniently b m de supported upon a conductingrod which extends This general character of an electrolytic conout ofthe container through a wall other than denser gives rise todifficulties in manufacture, the top wall thereof, and in a preferredconstruc l6 and particularly in mounting the same upon a tion, throughthe bottom wall. suitable supporting platform or chassis. The I achievethe foregoing objects and such other condenser should be so supportedthat the elecobjects as may hereinafter appear or be pointed trode willbe completely immersed; a vent should out, in the manner illustrativelyexemplified in be provided to permit escape of gases should they theaccompanying drawings, wherein- 20 generate too rapidly; the formationof sediment Figure 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view should becontemplated and means should be through an electrolytic condensermounted upon provided to receive it; and the container should a chassisand constructed in accordance with my be liquid-tight. presentinvention; p

A general object of my present invention is to Figure 2 is a horizontalcross-sectional view 26 providean electrolytic condenser structure whichtaken substantially along the line 2-2 of Fig- 30 is of simplifiednature from the standpoint of ure 1; manufacture and assembly; whichembodies all Figures 3-8 are fragmentary crosssectional the requisitequalities which the peculiar charviews taken in substantially the samedirection acteristics of an electrolytic condenser require; as Figure 1,showing different modifications;

30 which operates smoothly and efiiciently without Figure 9 is a similarcross-sectional view show- 35 any likelihood whatsoever of corrosion orthe like; ing a further modification, and taken substanwhich isextremely compact and staunch; and tially along the line 9-9 of Figure10; which is peculiarly efiicient from the standpoint Figure 10 is across-sectional plan view taken of mounting the same upon a chassis andmaking substantially along the line 10-.-l0 of Figure 9;

35 electrical connections thereto. Figures 11' and 12 are viewssimilarfto Figures Onefeature of my invention lies in providing 3-8showing other modifications; and

a condenser of the foregoing character wherein Figure 13 is acrbss-sectionalview taken subnot only the electrode, but also all theleads and stantially along t e n 3 of i u terminals associatedtherewith, are completely n i u I have Shown a Container 0 Whi h 40immersed in the liquid electrolyte. Inasmuch as is p a y t l in Shapeand C s ru t d f corrosion invariably attacks those portions whichrelatively thin y t r ng conducting mat are not thoroughly immersed,this feature of my such as sheet aluminum. It is provided with ainvention is of extreme importance and advantop wall 21 and a. bottomwall 22. In the form tage, illustrated, the bottom wall 22 is integralwith the 45 Another feature lies in an arrangement where- Side s, butthe p Wall 21 as n h Wn as by the condenser structure may be inconspicuapa t element diSk held n DOSitiOh y ously, yet'firmly'and securely,mounted upon a spin ing he uppe d o the Container P p supportingplatform or chassis. My present around the margin thereofstructurerequires no makeshift arrangements In Figure l, I have also shown adownwardly 50 for supporting the container in a vertical posiext-endingneck 23 formed integrally with the tion upon a chassis, and requiresnocumbersome bottom wall 22, and exteriorly threaded. Furhooks or thelike. thermore, the bore of the neck 23 is slightly A further feature ofmy invention lies in protapered in a downward direction for a purposeviding an arrangement whereby the electrical presently to be described.

connection with the submersed electrode may be The top wall ofthe'container may or may, not

be formedas a separate element, as shown in Figure 1, and may, forexample, be an integral spun The electrode is supported upon the core orred 27 which is of conducting material and which may, if desired, haveits upper end engaged within aspacer 28 or the like. In the illustratedform, I have shown the spacer of S-shape, and its purpose is to maintainthe electrode 26 spaced from the walls of the container 20. I havefound, however, that this spacer is not essential under allcircumstances, the structure being sufficiently firm in other respectsto hold the electrode in its contemplated position.

In accordance with my present invention, the rod 27 extendsfoutof thecontainer 20 below the a level of the electrolyte 25, and in this way,no portion of the rod or of the electrode is subjected to the corrosiveaction of air or gases. ferred form illustrated, the rod 27 extendsdownwardly through the bottom wall 22 and, more particularly, throughthe neck 23. The bottom portion of the rod 27 is slightly tapered so asto fit snugly within the neck 23 and cooperate with the taper of thelatter in a manner presently to be described.

For the purpose of insulating the rod 27 from the container 20, Iprovide a sleeve 29 of insulating material, such as rubber, which sleeveencircles the lower portion of the rod as it passes through the neck 23.Preferably, the lowerend of the sleeve is flanged outwardly to form theequivalent of a washer.

In Figure 1, I have shown the extreme lower portion of the rod 27provided with the exterior screw threads 30. When the device isassembled, the rod is passed downwardly through the neck 23, and a nut31 is drawn tight'upon the threads 30, thereby wedgingthe rod 27 withintheneck 23, and forming a liquid-tight joint. A washer 32 may beadvantageously employed, and the extreme end of the rod is preferablyswaged or upset as at 33 after the tightening has been effected, thismanipulation preventing subsequent withdrawal I of the nut 31.

During the upsetting, a lead connection 34 may be associated with therod 27 in the manner shown.

An important feature of my invention lies in extending the sleeve 29upwardly into the container for a considerable distance, therebyencircling the lower portion of the rod 27 within the container 20. InFigure 1, I have shown a flange 35 formed upon the rod 27 immediatelybeneath the electrode 26, this flange being spun over the upper edge ofthe sleeve 29 to grip the same firmly and clamp it against the rod 27.

The upwardly-extending sleeve 29 forms a shield for the lower portion ofthe rod 27 and prevents the sediment indicated at 36 from piling up andultimately forming a possible short-circuit between the material of thecontainer 20 and the rod 27.

The structure shown in Figure 1 is provided In the prewith threads 37,upon the exterior of the neck 23, so that when the condenser is mountedupon a chassis or supporting platform 38 by the manufacturer of, forexample, a radio set or apparatus, it is only necessary to pass the neck23 downwardly through a suitable aperture in the chassis 38 andthereupon to apply a tightening nut 39 to the threads 37. The nut 31 andall the parts adjacent to it are made of sufliciently small diameter topermit the nut 39 to be applied in the manner shown. The electricalconnection shown illustratively at 40 may be made to thev tab 34 afterthe condenser is mounted.

It will be noted upon viewing Figure 1 that the mounted condenser isfirmly held in proper position and yet the upper portion of the chassis38 is totally devoid of cumbersome fastening devices, hooks, parts,etc.; and furthermore, that there are no leads of any characterextending to any portion of the condenser structure. As a result, anumber of such condensers may be mounted in close proximity to eachother; or they may be individually mounted in a compact relationship toother electrical apparatus; and the entire assembly is simplified andrendered more compact, attractive, and eflicient.

The manner in which the several portions of the structure may beassociated with one another may be varied in 'a number of ways to suitdiffering requirements. For example, in Figure 3 I have shown astructure wherein the threads 30 and the nut 31 of Figure 1 have beendispensed with. In Figure 3, the supporting rod 41 is pulled downwardlyinto wedged relationship within the neck 42, and after applying aconnector ,43 and a washer 44 or the like, the end of the rod 41 isswaged or hammered outwardly, or similarly expanded, as at 45. Thisdeformation .of the end of the rod 41 serves to provide a head thereonwhich prevents retractive movement of the rod and thereby serves thefunction of holding the rod 41 in liquid-tight association with the neck42. In other respects, the showing of Figure 3 isthe same as thestructure shown in Figure 1'.

In Figure 4 I have shown a construction wherein the neck 46 isnottapered and the rod 47 is, therefore, also untapered and substantiallycylindrical. For the purpose of providing a liquidtight joint, I spin aring 48 around the insulating sleeve 49 at approximately the positionshown, this ring serving to clamp the sleeve 49 firmly to the rod 47. Toprovide a similar liquid-tight joint between the sleeve 49 and the neck46, I have shown a construction wherein the neck is spun inwardly at itsbase 50, this being accomplished by a suitable tool and serving toclench the material of the container 51 into close liquid-tightassociation with the sleeve 49.

The lower end of the rod 47 is threaded and a 'nut 52 engages therewith,but this nut need not be so tightly or securely screwed into engagementwith the rod 47 as in the previous embodiments.

In place of the flange 35 upon the supporting rod, I may employ aclamping ring, such as that shown at 53, for holding the upper end ofthe sleeve 49 firmly around the rod 47.

In the form shown in Figure 4, the ring 48 serves the additionalfunction of a stop or abutment, and facilitates assembly of thecondenser during its manufacture. Thus, after the ring 48 has beenapplied to the rod 47, and after the rod is thereupon inserted throughthe container 51 into the neck 46, the ring 48 serves as a stop when itencounters the bottom wall of the container. Thereupon, the nut 52 maybe tightened in a. sim- .washer 82 is preferably employed along with thepie and rapid manner, and the neck clenched inwardly, as at 50.

In Figure 5, I have shown a construction wherein the container 54 isprovided with a threaded neck 55, the latter being split longitudinallyby one or more slots. The neck 55 is downwardly tapered on its exteriorby a slight degree, and after the rod 56 has been passed downwardlythrough the neck, a nut 57 is tightened up upon the neck 55, and servesthereby to clench together the several sections of the neck and form asecure liquid-tight joint. The lower end of the rod is again secured bya nut 58 which serves at the same time to hold an electric contact tab59.

I have shown the nut 57 exteriorly threaded, and these exterior threadsserve the function of permitting attachment of the structure to achassis 60 substantially in the manner hereinbefore described. Thus, Ihave shown a nut 61 screw-threaded upon the exterior threads of the nut57 and thereby serving to hold the structure firmly down upon thechassis 60.

In Figure 6, I have shown a construction simi- 'lar'to that of Figure 5,except that the neck .62 is not exteriorly threaded. The neck 62 islongitudinally slit and is downwardly tapered on its exterior surface.In place of the interiorly-threaded nut 57 of Figure 5 I employ a nut ortightening ring 63 which is devoid of interior threads, this ring 63being forced upwardly onto the neck 62 while the latter is pulleddownwardly. This clenches the several parts together and forms aliquid-tight join and the parts are held in this relationship byupsetting or spreading the lower end of the neck 62, as shown at 64.

The ring 63 is exteriorly threaded, however, as shown at 65, and a nut66 is again employed to hold the entire structure in association with achassis 67.

In Figure '7, I have shown a structure similar to that of Figure 1,except that the engagement between exterior threads on the rod andinterior threads on a nut are reversed. I have shown the rod 68 providedwith the interiorly-threaded bore 69, and I cause a stud 70 to engagewithin the bore 69 to draw the rod 68 downwardly. A series of washers 71are interposed between the head of the stud '70 and the end of the neck72, and it will be obvious that tightening-up upon the stud '70 willdraw the rod 68 into a wedged relationship within the tapered neck '72.

In Figure 8, and' in the succeeding figures, I have shown a slightlydifferent association of parts wherein the bottom of the container isnot integral with the remainder of the container but is in the form ofan insulating disc. Such disc. serves at one and the same time toprovide a secure and liquid-tight joint; to insulate the rod from thecontainer; and to form a shield for the lower portion of the rod. I haveshown a disc 73 of insulating material held in association with theconducting material of the container '74 by spinning the lower edge ofthe container 74 around the periphery of the disc 73. During thisprocedure, I form an annular groove 75 in the exterior of the container74 close to the bottom thereof.

The disc 73 is provided with the upwardly-extending neck '76 whichservesas a shield for the lower portion of the rod 7'7. I have shown therod provided with a flange or collar 78 which is adapted to rest uponthe top of the neck '76, with a washer '79 interposed. The lower portionof the rod '77 is exteriorly threaded, as at 80, and a nut 81 engageswith these threads and holds the rod firmly in proper relationship tothe disc 73. A

nut 81.

In this form, the unit is held down upon the chassis 83 by means of thesmall fingers 84 extending upwardly through the chassis 83 and engagingwithinthe groove 75. Also, the electric connection shown at 85 may bemade directly to the bottom in a single electrolyte contained in asingle con-' tainer. Each individual electrode and its supporting rod issimilar to the showing of Figure 8. A relatively larger container 86 isprovided with a bottom 87 in the form of an insulating; preferablymolded, disc which has a series of upwardly-extending necks 88 similarto the neck 76 of Figure 8. Each individual rod, as, for example, therods 89, 90, and 91, is associated with one of the upwardlyextendingnecks in the manner shown in Figure 3. The entire container may be helddown upon a chassis 92 by means of fingers, such as shown at 93. Desiredelectrical connections may be made beneath the chassis 92 to the severalprojecting ends of the rods 89-91.

Another manner in which a molded insulating piece may be employed isillustrated in Figure 11. Instead of spinning the lower portion of thecontainer around the margin of the molded disc, I

provide a metallic annulus in molded association with the disc, andassociate the annulus with the body of the container. For example, thedisc 94' is initially produced with an annular metallic ring 95 moldedin the periphery thereof. This ring is then spun into engagement withthe lower edge of the container 96 in any suitable manner, andpreferably by the method employed in can construction. .I haveillustratively shown at 97 one manner of clenching the edge of theannulus 95 to the lower edge of the container 96. Fingers 98 may serveto hold the structure upon a chassis 99, and, if desired, these fingersmay engage over the clenched portions 97 instead of in the groove 100,as illustrated.

In Figures 12 and 13, I have shown a modification of the structure ofFigure 11, an annulus 101 being molded in the periphery of a disc 102,-and portions of the annulus being bent downwardly in the form of tabs103. In mounting the structure upon a chassis 104, the latter isprovided with suitable slots through which the tabs 103 may be passed.It is then necessary merely to bend the tabs asshown in Figure 12,whereby they will clench the under-surface of the chassis 104, thisbeing a very simple and rapid procedure and serving nevertheless to holdthe structure in sufficiently secure association with the chassis 104.

Other modifications'and other forms of construction will-suggestthemselves to those skilled in the art, and I do not mean to restrictmyself to any specific form, except as I may be compelled to do so byprior art of which I am not now aware. Regardless of the specificdetails of construction, it will be obvious that I have provided anelectrolytic condenser structure of highly advantageous and simplifiedcharacter; one which is not only compact and of workmanlike appearance,but which is capable of rapid and inexpensive assembly, manufacture, andultimate association with a supporting chassis. Furthermore, it will benoted that my structure is extremely eflicient from the standpoint ofdurability and operation, the entire electrode being in each casecompletely immersed in the electrolyte at all times, the likelihood ofcorrosion being thereby eliminated, the formation of sediment beingsuitably guarded against, and the" necessity for electrical connectionsabove the level of the supporting chassis being efflciently eliminated.

The exterior electrical connections to the present type of condenserstructure are made to the container itself, on the one hand, and to theend of the downwardly extending rod, on the other hand, these two partsof the structure being insulated from each other. The container or canthus serves as a connection terminal", and the word terminal, as thesame is used herein and in the appended claims, is obviously intended toinclude this function within its significance.

I have not illustrated the sediment 36 of Figure 1 in the remainingfigures, since it has been shown in Figure l for purposes ofillustration only and to describe the function of'the shield around thebottom portion of the rod. Any sediment which may form, however, is inevery case suitably insulated from any likelihood of shortcircuitbetween the material of the container and the immersed electrode.

In certain cases, it may be desirable to coat the rod at its lowerportion with a suitable enamel or varnish which is immune to attack bythe liquid electrolyte. Such coating of enamel or varnish will underliethe insulating sleeve and may be sprayed onto the rod or applied in anydesired manner. It guards against corrosion of the lower portion of therod which might be caused by seepage of the electrolyte into the spacebetween the insulating sleeve and the rod.

\ I do not contemplate that any such seepage will be capable ofoccurring if the insulating sleeve is properly applied, but I mentionthis possible construction as a further safeguard which may be employedif desired.

Furthermore, although I have illustrated the insulating sleeve and theshield for the lower portion of the rod as a separate element and as amolded element, nevertheless, in certain instances, it maybe founddesirable to provide this shield and insulating sleeve in the form of anelectroplated layer or coating of rubber, celluloid, or the like; andalso, it will be understood that the size of the sleeve or shield willdepend upon pending in a large measure upon difierent. re-' quirements.It is, therefore, obvious that changes in the details herein describedand illustrated for the purpose of explaining the nature of my inventionmay be made by those skilled in the art without departing from thespirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.It is therefore intended that these details be interpreted asillustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention and-illustrated its use, what I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In an electrolyticcondenser, a container of conducting material adapted to serve as oneterminal of the condenser and having top and bottom walls, the top wallhavinga vent therein and the bottom'wall having an aperture therein, anelectrode in said container and adapted to serve as acomplementaryterminal of the condenser, a rod supporting said electrodeand extending downwardly through said aperture, a liquid electrolyte in)said container and completely submersing said electrode, and means formaking the joint between said rod and aperture liquid-tight; said meanscomprising a depending neck on said bottom wall and snugly encirclingsaid rod, and means for squeezing said neck around said rod.

2. In an electrolytic condenser, a container of conducting mat'erialadapted to serve as one terminal of the condenser and having top andhottom-walls, the top wall having a vent therein and the bottom wallhaving an aperture therein, an electrode in said container and adaptedto serve as a complementary terminal of the condenser, a rod supportingsaid electrode and extending downwardly through said aperture, a liquidelectrolyte in said container and completely submersing said electrode,and means for making the joint between said rod and apertureliquid-tight; said means comprising a longitudinally-split neck on saidbottom wall and encircling said rod, a resilient element between saidrod and neck, and

means for pinching the split sections of said neck together.

1m 3. In an electrolytic condenser, a container of conducting materialadapted to serve as one terminal of the condenser and having top andbottom walls, the top wall having a vent therein and the bottom wallhaving a downwardly-projecting, tapered, hollow neck; a complementaryelectrode in said container, a tapered rod supporting said electrode andextending through said neck, a liquid-electrolyte in said container andcompletely submersing said electrode, and means for wedging said rod andneck into liquid-tight association.

4. In an electrolytic condenser, a container of conducting materialadapted to serve as one terminal of the condenser and having top andbottom walls, the top wall having a vent therein and the bottom wallhaving a downwardly-projecting, tapered, hollow neck, a complementary,electrode in said container, a tapered rod supporting said electrodeand extending through said neck, a liquid electrolyte in said containerand completely submersing said electrode, and means for wedging said rodand neck into liquid-tight association; said means comprising screwthreads at the end of said rod, and a complementary screw-threadedelement engaging said threads and adapted to bear against the end ofsaid neck.

5. In an electrolytic condenser, an electrolyte container of conductingmaterial adapted to serve as one terminal of the condenser and havingtop and bottom walls, the top wall having a vent and the bottom wallhaving a downwardly projecting,

hollow attachment neck adapted to support the container upon a. chassis,a complementary electrode in said container and spaced from the wallsthereof, a conducting rod supporting said electrode and extendingdownwardly and snugly through said neck, an insulating sleeve in saidneck and encircling said rod so as to insulate the latter from saidcontainer, and means for squeezing the neck around the sleeve and rod tomake the joint between said rod and neck liquid-tight.

6. In combination with a supporting platform having an openingtherethrough, an electrolytic condenser comprising an electrolytecontainer of conducting material adapted to serve as one terminal of thecondenser, said container having a top wall with a vent therein and abottom wall provided with a depending, hollow attachment neck adapted tobe engaged in said platform opening to support the condenser, acomplementary electrode in said container, a rod supporting saidelectrode and extending downwardly and snugly through said neck, wherebysaid rod will serve as an electric terminal beneath said platform, and anut element engaging said neck beneath the platform to secure thecondenser on said platform.

'7. In combination with a supporting platform having an openingtherethrough, an electrolytic condenser comprising an electrolytecontainer of conducting material adapted to serve as one terminal of thecondenser, said container having a top wall with a vent therein and abottom wall provided with a depending, hollow neck, said neck extendingdownwardly through said opening in the platform; a complementaryelectrode in said container, a rod supporting said electrode andextending downwardly and snugly through said neck, and means engagingsaid neck beneath the platform to secure said container on saidplatform.

8. An electrolytic condenser comprising a substantially cylindricalelectrolyte container of conducting material adapted to serve as oneterminal of the condenser, a vent provided in one end wall ofthe'container, a hollow attachment neck of reduced diameter projectingfrom the opposite end wall, said neck being adapted to pass through asupporting platform for attachment thereto so as to mount the containerneck downwardly upon said platform, an electrode in said container andspaced from the walls thereof and adapted to serve as a complementaryterminal of the condenser, a supporting rod for said electrode extend-.

ing downwardly and snugly through said neck, an insulating sleeve insaid neck and around said rod, said sleeve extending upwardly into thecontainer to shield the lower portion of said supporting rod fromsediment, and means for squeezing said neck around said sleeve and rodso as to make the joint liquid-tight.

9. An electrolytic condenser comprising a substantially cylindricalelectrolyte container of conducting material adapted to serve as oneterminal of a condenser, a vent provided in one end wall of thecontainer, a hollow, interiorly-tapered attachment neck projecting fromthe opposite end wall, said neck being adapted to pass through asupporting platform for attachment thereto so as to mount the containerneck downwardly upon said platform, an electrode in said container andspaced from the walls thereof and adapted to serve as a complementaryterminal of the condenser, a supporting rod for said electrode extendingdownwardly and snugly through said neck and tapered at its lowerportion, an insulating sleeve in said neck and around said rod andextending upwardly into the container to shield the lower portion ofsaid rod from sediment, and means for retaining said rod and neck in awedged relationship soas to make a liquid-tight joint.

10. As a new article of manufacture, an electrolyte container for anelectrolytic condenser, said container comprising a tubular, metallicmember adapted to serve as one' t'erminal of the condenser complementaryto an electrode adapted to be immersed ,in the electrolyte, said tubularmember having a vent in one end wall and a projecting attachment neck ofsubstantially reduced diameter at the other endwall, said neck beinginteriorly tapered to permit a supporting rod for said immersedelectrode to be associated in wedged relationship thereto,whereby' saidneck may be engaged through a supporting platform to mount the containerneck downwardly and vent upwardly upon said platform.

11. In combination with a supporting platform having an openingtherethrough, an electrolytic condenser comprising an electrolytecontainer of conducting material adapted to serve as one terminal of thecondenser, said container having a vent therein and a bottom wallprovided with a depending, hollow neck, said neck extending downwardlythrough said opening in the platform, a complementary electrode in'saidcontainer, a conducting rod associated with said electrode and extendingdownwardly and snugly through said neck, and means engaging said neck,beneath the platform to secure said container on said platform.

12. In combination with a supporting platform having an openingtherethrough, an electrolytic condenser structure comprising asubstantially cylindrical container of conducting material adaptedto'serve as one connection terminal of the condenser, said containerhaving a vent therein and a bottom wall provided with a depending hollowneck, said neck extending downwardly container of conducting materialadapted to serve as one terminal of the condenser and having top andbottom walls, the top wall having a vent and the bottom wall having adownwardly project'- ing hollow attachment neck adapted to support thecontainer upon a chassis or platform, a complementary electrode in saidcontainer and spaced from the walls thereof, a conducting rod supportingsaid electrode and extending downwardly and snugly through said neck,and an insulating sleeve in said neck and encircling said rod so as toinsulate the latter from said container, thematerial of the neck beingdeformed so as to clench the neck around the sleeve and rod to make thejoint between said rod and neck liquid-tight.

14. In an electrolytic condenser, a metallic container having a hollowneck, an electrolyte contained in the containerand an electrode in said'container extending into said electrolyte and spaced from the wall ofthe container, a conducting rod' supporting said electrode and extendingthrough said neck and an insulating sleeve in said neck encircling saidrod so as to insulate the latter from said container, said neck beingdeformed into liquid-tight association with the sleeve. g

15. In an electrolytic condenser, a metallic container having a hollowneck, an electrode in said container and an electrolyte in which saidelectrode is submersed, a conducting rod supporting said electrode andextending through said neck,

and an'insulating sleeve surrounding said rod within said neck, saidneck being circumferentially deformed into engagement with said sleeveto form a liquid-tight joint therewith.

' 16. In an electrolytic condenser a metallic container having a hollowneck, an electrolyte contained in the container and an electrode in saidcontainer extending into said electrolyte and spaced from the wall ofthe container, a rod supporting said electrode and extending throughsaid neck and means for wedging said rod and neck into liquid-tightassociation.

1'7. In an electrolytic condenser a metallic container having a hollowneck, an electrolyte contained in the container and an electrode in saidcontainer extending into said electrolyte and spaced from the wall' ofthe container, a rod supporting said electrode and extending throughsaid neck, and a resilient annular member within said neck andencircling said rod, said annular ;member being deformed intoliquid-tight association with said rod and neck.

18. In an electrolytic condenser, a container of conducting materialadapted to. serve as one terminal'of the condenser and having anapertured wall, an electrode in said container, a rod supporting saidelectrode and extending outwardly through said aperture, an electrolytein said container into which said electrode extends and a sealingannulus surrounding said rod, and an outwardly extending neck on saidwall and encircling said annulus, the material of the neck beingdeformed so as to clinch the neck around the annulus to form aliquid-tight joint.

19. In an electrolytic condenser, a metallic con--. tainer having anapertured wall, an electrode where it passes the aperture, said sleevebeing squeezed around said rod, and an attachment neck extending fromsaid container, andmeans adapted to engage said neck to secure saidcontainer. to a platform.

20. In combination with a supporting platform having an openingtherethrough, an electrolytic condenser structure, comprising asubstantially cylindrical container of conducting material and having awall provided with a depending neck, said neck extending downwardlythrough said platform opening, an electrode within said container,electrical connecting means for said electrode and passing snuglythrough said neck, and means engaging the neck beneath the platform tosecure the container on said platform.

21. In combination with a supporting platform having an openingtherethrough, an electrolytic condenser structure comprising a containerof conducting material and having a downwardly extending neck projectingthrough said platform opening and being threaded at its projectingportion, an electrode within said containenelectrical connecting means'for said electrode and passing snugly through said neck, and a nutengaging said threaded end of the neck with the platform tosecure thecontainer on said platform.

. HAROLD I. DANZIGER.

